上海同济大学运筹楼改造项目是中国与意大利作为可持续建造示范项目的一次合作,用于中意和中欧的教学科研合作。其建筑外立面改造用到了德国赉立的技术。
A Chinese-Italian cooperation was behind the eco-friendly renovation of the Yunchou building in Shanghai. But the façade has a Herne connection.
上海同济大学在成立之初,便与德国建立了联系。同济大学的前身为1907年成立的“上海华人德国医学院”,旨在学习借鉴德国的文化和先进成果。1912年,增设“上海华人工程学校”,该校教学配备了德国先进企业的技术培训。
Since its founding, Tongji University in Shanghai has had a link with Germany. Its predecessor, the ‘German Medical School for the Chinese in Shanghai’ founded in 1907, intended to make German culture and accomplishments popular in China. In 1912, the ‘German Engineering School for the Chinese in Shanghai’ was added. Its teaching workshop was equipped with technology from leading German companies.
1917年在法国殖民势力的胁迫下曾一度关闭了学校,但在1923年政府将该教学设施确认为大学后,教学工作得以继续进行。一年后,正式成立并更名为同济大学。今天,同济大学仍然与德国有着紧密的联系:同济大学与德国几所大学合作,并提供暑期学院交流学习。前联邦总理赫尔穆特科尔是同济大学的荣誉教授,而他的继任者格哈德施罗德、前联邦总统克里斯蒂安乌尔夫和前西门子经理海因里希冯皮埃尔均持有同济大学的荣誉博士学位。
Although the French colonial power closed the school in 1917, teaching was provisionally continued until the government recognized the facility as a university in 1923. One year later, it officially opened as Tongji University. Even today, the university still has a strong link with Germany: the facility is partnered with several German universities and offers summer academies. Former Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl is an honorary professor, while his successor Gerhard Schröder, former Federal President Christian Wulff and former Siemens manager Heinrich von Pierer hold honorary doctorates.
同济大学隶属于中国教育部,重点学科包括建筑学、土木工程、交通运输工程、车辆工程、材料学和环境工程等。同济大学运筹楼建造于1983年,位于上海同济大学四平路校区内。原为同济大学经济与管理学院大楼,“运筹”二字源于《史记》。改建之后,旧词新解,意为统筹规划、优化决策,共图全球可持续发展。这座原本设计乏善可陈的教学楼,经绿色改造后焕发出新生。
Tongji University answers directly to the Chinese Ministry of Education and focus on architecture, civil engineering, transportation engineering, vehicle engineering, materials science, environmental engineering, etc. Built in 1983 and located in Siping Road Campus of Tongji University, Yunchou Building was formly used as School of Economics and Management Building of Tongji University. The word ‘Yunchou’ comes from Historical Records and originally intended to be a military formation. After the reconstruction, the new interpretation of the old words means the overall planning, optimization of decisions, and ambition for global sustainable development. This teaching building, which was originally designed to be lackluster, has been reborn in its green transformation.
意大利佛罗伦萨的著名建筑师事务所ARCHEA和同济大学建筑设计研究院联合负责该建筑设计。不仅通过优化外建筑立面、室内声环境来改造外形,同时安装分项计量系统、使用屋顶光伏发电、利用雨水下渗技术、节水灌溉系统等,将运筹楼变身为中国建筑绿色化,智能化的典范。
optimization of external building facades and indoor acoustic environment to transform the appearence, and equipped with sub-item measurement system, rooftop photovoltaic power generation technology, rainwater infiltration technology and water-saving irrigation systems, etc., Yunchou Building has become a green and intelligent model of Chinese architecture.
负责该项目的同济大学建筑设计研究院的李正涛建筑师介绍说:“波形外墙的设计理念来源于两个方面,一是基于在设计中体现意大利文化的想法,意大利文化重要的符号是时尚的设计感,如意大利时装。而运筹楼现状是比较方正的体形,线条平直,在立面中引入波浪形的线条,使改造后的运筹楼外形灵动、时尚,外立面仿佛是随风摆动翩翩皱折的时装,希望带给人以优雅、时尚的意大利设计感。二是基于15世纪以来佛罗伦萨(ARCHEA事务所总部所在地,也是意大利和同济大学交流的重要基地)的建造传统,即先建成建筑的主体结构,后期再建造外立面。最典型的案例就是佛罗伦萨的圣母百花大教堂,18世纪建成了教堂的主体结构,后续100多年才完成了外立面”。
Li Zhengtao, architect of the Tongji University Architectural Design and Research Institute who in charge of the project introduced: “The design concept of the wave-pattern wall panel comes from two aspects. One is based on the idea of reflecting Italian culture in the design. An important symbol of Italian culture is the fashion sense of design, such as Italian fashion. Yunchou building is a relatively square shape building with straight lines, after introduced with wavy lines in the facade, the appearence of remodeled Yunchou building is smart and stylish. The facade is like a fashion that sways and wrinkles with the wind. It is intended to give people an elegant and stylish Italian design sense. The second is based on the construction tradition of Florence (the seat of ARCHEA's headquarters and an important base for communication between Italy and Tongji University) since the 15th century: the main structure of the building was completed first, and the facade was built later. The most typical case is the cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, whose structure was built in the 18th century, and the facade was completed more than 100 years later.
波形外墙板的设计从波纹舒缓到波动剧烈共有15种基本波形单元,通过立面设计排版形成跌宕起伏的波浪形态,犹如优美的旋律,更仿佛是随风摆动翩翩皱折的时装,优雅、时尚。考虑到混凝土材料的可塑性,波形外墙板最终选用了轻质预制混凝土板,采用德国赉立的弹性装饰造型模板塑造出外墙板的波形。由于波形外墙板设计的模数化程度较高,该工程的弹性装饰造型模板的分摊成本得到有效控制。预制外墙板饰面采用了NAWKAW仿青铜金属着色剂,使外墙板没有混凝土板的厚重感,视觉上非常像金属薄板,轻盈、灵动。晴天与阴天、正午与傍晚、冬季与夏季、近看与远看,运筹楼的建筑外立面的颜色和光影效果随光线不同而发生微妙的变化,展现出不同的样貌,表情丰富,非常奇妙。
The design of the wave-pattern exterior wall panel contains 15 basic waveform units from soothing ripples to intense fluctuations. Through the design and layout of the facade, the undulating wave patterns form a beautiful melody. It is more like a fashion that swings and wrinkles with the wind, which is quite elegant and stylish. Considering the plasticity of concrete materials, light weight precast concrete slabs are used as the material and the wave-patterns of the exterior wall panel are molded by the German RECKLI elastic decorative formliners. Due to the higher modularity of the wave-pattern wall panel design, the apportioned cost of the elastic decorative formliner of the project is effectively controlled. The prefabricated exterior wall panel is decorated with NAWKAW imitating bronze metal stain, which makes the outer wall board have less thick feeling of concrete board, and looks like metal sheet, light and smart. Between sunny days and cloudy days, noon and evening, winter and summer, close look and far-sightedness, the color as well as the light and shadow effects of Yunchou building’s facades undergo subtle changes with light, showing different appearances and expressions. Very wonderful.
改造后的同济运筹楼成为了一座独具中意风情的绿色节能生态建筑。在功能性方面,设立了办公室、教室、展厅、咖啡厅、图书室等公共空间,以及中意绿色节能建筑实验室、中意创新实验室、屋顶花园等创意性空间,为校园贡献了一座值得驻足和品味的建筑艺术珍品。
After the transformation, Yunchou Building has become a green energy-saving ecological building with a unique Italian style. In terms of functionality, there are public spaces such as offices, classrooms, showrooms, cafes, libraries, as well as creative spaces such as the Sino-Italian green energy-saving construction laboratory, the Sino-Italian Innovation Laboratory, and the roof garden. Yunchou building is now a valuable treasure for the school.
同济大学副校长方守恩表示:“这是中国同意大利在建筑设计、能源效率及其相关领域交流合作的结果,促进了中国和意大利以及其他欧洲国家在可持续发展教育和研究领域的合作。”为纪念同济大学建校110周年,现代感十足的新运筹楼已于2017年6月重新开放。
“It’s the result of exchange in architectural design and energy efficiency as well as related fields between China and Italy,” said Fang Shouen, Vice President of the University. “It played an important role in facilitating cooperation in education and research on sustainable development between China and Italy as well as the rest of Europe.”